Why was the Sovereign Wealth Fund established?
Article 6.2 of the Constitution of Mongolia stipulates that land (other than that owned by citizens), subsoil and its resources, forests, water resources, and wildlife are the public property of the State. It further establishes that the State’s policy on the use of natural resources shall be based on long-term development objectives and shall ensure every citizen’s right—both present and future generations—to live in a healthy and safe environment. The benefits derived from subsoil resources are to be accumulated in the National Wealth Fund and distributed equitably and fairly.
This constitutional provision legally affirms the fundamental principle that natural resources belong to the people.
Based on this principle, a comprehensive legal framework has been established governing the structure, governance, revenue accumulation, investment, expenditure, and reporting of the National Wealth Fund, supported by related laws and regulations necessary for its effective operation.